Pressure exerting mechanism for use in presses and other machines



March 29; 1932. ls 1,851,841

PRESSURE EXERTING MECHANISM FOR USE IN PRESSES AND OTHER MACHINES Filed June 18, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet l March 29, 1932. HUMPHRls 1,851,841

PRESSURE EXERTING MECHANISM FOR USE IN PRESSES AND OTHER MACHINES Filed June 18, 1928 3 Sh ets-Sheet March 29, 1932. F. HUMPHRIS PRESSURE EXERTING MECHANISM FOR USE IN PRESSES AND OTHER MACHINES Filed June 18, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 29, 1932 UNITED STATES FRANK ,HUMPHRIS, PARKSTONE, ENGLAND PRESSURE EXERTING MECHANISM FOR USE IN PRESSES AND OTHER MACHINES Application filed June 18, 1928, Serial N0. 286,323, and in Great Britain June 27, .1927.

This invention relates to a new or improved pressure exerting mechanism for use in presses of that type wherein a ram and a bearer plate movable transversely of the ram are mounted in a frame, and links, struts or edge pressure plates are arranged edgewise between the ram and bearer plate, and, in some instances, also between the bearer plate and a fixed part of the frame, so that, when w the bearer plate'is reciprocated relatively to the ram, movement is imparted to the ram by variation of the angular position of such links, struts or edge pressure plates rela tively to the ram and bearer plate. According to this invention a pressure exerting mechanism comprises in its construction plates, bars or strips of metal which according to the purpose for which they are employed, are hereinafter referred to as bridgeplates, as ram-plates and as push-or-drawbar plates, each having holes therethrough which serve to accommodate fulcrum-pins or equivalentdevices, on which fulcrum-pins a minimum of two sets of so-called oscillatinglinks, having pivot-holes therethrough near the ends of each link thereof, are pivotallymounted.

Each set of oscillating-links consists of a minimum of three of such links, arranged in a side-by-side form of placement and each separated one from the other by a bridgeplate, ram-plate, push-or-draw-bar-plate or by distance-pieces or by any or all of these,

but in each case so that a space results be' tween any one link in any one set and the link next to it. p

Briefly this invention consists in providing for use in presses and other machines, a pressure-exerting mechanism having a multiplate bridge-member, a n1ulti-plate.push-ordraw-bar1nember and a multi-plate rammember, or alternatively a slidably-mounted lating-links which are pivotally-connected to the said members through the medium of pins or like equivalents which serve as fulcrums therefor, and these pins or the like are passed through holes in the said members and holes in the said oscillating-links and except where securing means, distance pieces, or oscillating-links occupy a partof any space between the said plates, the said spaces are unobstructed. 60

All or any of the said plates and oscillatinglinks which'alternate one with the other are, at'the parts thereof where they make contiguous junction one with the other, in a laminar form of placement and where they do not make contiguous junction one with the other they are in a spaced form of placement and appear, when viewed edgewise, like spaced parallel bars; this condition is the result of placing a plate between each two oscillatinglinks of a set, or by placing an oscillatinglink between each two of the said plates in each said member.

By constructing a pressure-exerting mechanism having a multiplicity of plates and links as hereinbefore described a multiplicity of bearing-faces is obtained each of which resists wear and due to the greater bearing area obtained the working life of the said pressureexerting mechanism is greatly increased.

Where the pressure-exerting mechanism, the subject of the present invention, is employed in conjunction with multi-plate frames of the kind described in my prior application Serial No. 286,389, filed June 18, 5 1928, the plates of the ram-member, the plates of the push-or-draw-bar-member and the plates of the slidably-mounted or fixed bridge-member are I optionally arranged, secured or guided between column-plates of the said multi-plate frame.

The plates of the multi-plate bridge-member of the pressure-exerting mechanism may also serve as bridge-plates of the frame of the machine in which such mechanism is fitted.

An object of this invention is to provide a pressure-exerting mechanism constructed of plates, bars or strips of metal having ar ranged between them one or more sets of oscillating-links each set consisting of a miniloo 7 mum of three such links which are either operated by a reciprocating push-or-draw-bar or by a reciprocating bridge-1nember which causes the said links to oscillate in such a manner, that as they approach or recede from the ram-member, and it has been found necessary in practice to make the said links and other members of very large cross-sectional area to withstand the pressure which such toggle-mechanism is capable of exerting, therefore another object of this invention is to construct a multi-plate pressure-exerting mechanism as hereinbefore described in which the pivot or fulcrum-pins are 1n shear at a minimum of six positions, this condition obviates the weakness of the pivotal-joints prevalent in pressure-exerting mechan sm of the kind where link-pins in single shear are employed.

Another object of this invention is to construct a pressure-exerting mechanism of a number of plates of metal which are given form by the known methods of punching, stamping or pressing; this method of construction enables each of the said plates and/0r links to be made a duplicate of each like part, and reduces the amount of separate accurate machining ordinarily required for each part when producing pressure exerting mechanism the parts of which are made. from castings or the like.

Where bridge-plates which reciprocate are employed accord ng to this invention, then anti-friction devices such as rollers which are piv-otal y-mounted on, pins, bolts or other known equivalent means, are located between the said bridge-plates, and their pivot-pins are supported holes provided for this purpose in the said bridge-plates; such devices are inten tied to be included in the spirit of this invention.

The invention; will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing one arrangement of memberso t the pressure-cxerting mechanism in this illustration abridge-plate a push-or draw-bar-plate, a rain-plate. and two sets of oscillating-links have been removed; unoccupied holes in each of the plates are shown in which the fulcrumpins; of the: links are supported. The ramplates, the push-or-draw-bar-plates and the bridge-plates are shown broken for the purpose of indicating that they can be of any length; and the bridge-plates are shown bearing against multi-plate bridge-members of a framework, shown in dotted lines and not part of this invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of an oscillating-link of the kind used in the pressure exerting mechanism shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view through the line A-B of Figure 1 on a larger scale. This view shows the fulcrum-pins, bolts or the l1ke broken for the purpose of indicating that any number of oscillating-links, in excess of three, can be arranged in a side-by-side form of placement so as to be separated one from t ie other by the bridge-plates, the push-or-drawbar-plates and ram-plates. Part of a bric g-e of a multi-plate frame not part of this invention is also shown in dotted lines.

Figure 4cis a view on the line CD of Figure 1 showing two sets of links partly in section and illustrates how such links are lo cated between the ram-plates and how each ram-plate is arranged so as to be free to slide in one of the, spaces between two plates of a multi-plate columnanember, not part of this invention, and shown in dotted lines.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of an oscillating-link of the kind used in the pressureexerting mechanism shown in Figures 7 and 8.

Figure 6 is an explanatory view in perspective and shows parts of four oscillatingdinks mounted on a fulcrum-pin supported in parts of four ram-plates; in this view parts of three plates of a multi-coluinn plate-frame, not a part of this invention, are shown so that this invention can be more clearly appreciated.

Figure 7 is a front elevational view showing another arrangement of the parts of the pressure-exerting mechanism when curved links are employed; a bridge-plate a pushor-draw-bar-plate and a ram-plate have been removed so that the form of placementof the oscillating-links and the position of their fulcrum-pins can be clearly seen. This view shows a frame-work and also a toggle-mechanism of the known kind in dotted lines such toggle-mechanism is one of the means used for reciprocating the push-or-draw-bar plates.

Figure 8 is a front elevational view of a pressure-exerting mechanism of the kind shown in Figure 7 and illustrates how the mechanism appears when no plates have been removed; in this view the oscillating-links are shown in dotted lines and clearly indicate that they are located between the bridgeplates and the pushror-drawar-plates and also the ram-plates.

Figure 9 is a front elevational. view partly in section of part of a pressure-exerting mechanism and shows reciprocating bridgeplates with rollers interposed between them and how these reciprocating bridge-plates serve also the purpose of push-or-draw-bar-plates and impart oscillating movement of the oscillating-links. By this arrangement a row of sets of links which are pivotally-connected to the bridge-plates and to the ram-plates only can be employed.

Figure 10 is a View partly in section on the line GH Figure 9 and shows how the rollers are pivotally-mounted between the bridgeplates and how plates of Z-like form with adjusting strips for contacting with tworollers in each set of rollers serve to keep them in contact with a roller plate-member or the underside of a bridge-member or the like.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a bridge plate of the kind used in the pressure-exerting mechanism illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, One row of holes accommodate the pins or the like on which the rollers turn, and the other row of holes accommodate the ful crum-pins or the like on which one end of the oscillating-links employedare pivotallymounted.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a ramplate of the kind used in the pressure exerting mechanism illustrated in Figures 9 and 10.

Figure 13 is a perspective view of a pushor-draw-bar-plate of the kind used in the pressure-exerting mechanism illustrated in Figures 7 and 8; in this View the plate is broken to indicate that it can be of any length, one row of holes accommodate the pins or the like on which one end of the oscillatinglinks which are pivotally-connected at their other end to the ram-member are mounted and the other row of holes accommodate the pins or the like on which one end of the oscillating-links which are pivotally-connected at their other end to the bridge-member are mounted.

Figure 14 is a view partly in'section on the line E-F, Figure 7 and shows the edges of one set of links and part of the edges of another set of links located between the bridgepush-or-draw-bar and ram-plates of the pres sure-eXerting-mechanism in dotted lines two column-plates and several bed-plates of a multi-plate frame-work, not part of this. invention are shown for the purpose of indicating how the pressure-exerting mechanism is mounted therein and to make the illustration more clear several column-plates have been omitted.

Figure 15 is a front elevational view of part of a pressure-exerting mechanism in which none of the plates have been removed, having oscillating-links arranged in the manner shown in Figure 1.

Figure 16 is a view partly in section on the line KL, Figure 15 to illustrate how the pressure-exerting mechanism can be constructed so as to provide one or more gaps between the plates thereof which are then coupled together so as to have one or more distance-pieces between them in a manner as illustrated. e

Like letters of reference refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 15 and 16 illustrate a convenient manner of carrying this invention into effect, in which a is an oscillating-link of any set of oscillating-links and each of pins or the like a on which one end of each I link in one row of sets of links a are pivotallymounted; c is a ram-plate comprised in any one set of ram-plates and each set thereof consists of a minimum of four such ram-plates 0 having holes 0 therethrough for accom- ,modating and supporting some of the fulcrum-pins or the like a on which one end of each link in one row of sets of links a are pivotally-mounted; d is a push-or-draw-barplate comprised in any one set of push-ordraw-bar-plates and each set thereof consists of a minimum of four such push-or-drawbar-plates d having holes d therethrough for accommodating and supporting some of the fulcrum-pins or the like a on which one end of each link in two rows of sets of links a are pivotally-mounted; these push-or-drawbar-plates d are also provided with one or more holes d which are arranged in any convenient position for accommodating any known form of connecting-pins, bolts or the like by which any known form of actuatingmechanism can be coupled to such push-on draw-bar-plates d.

An essential feature of this invention is to construct pressure-exerting mechanism hav ing links such as a which are separated one from the other by plates such as I) and 0, or 5,0 and cl so that spaces 8 result between the said links a, and in which pressureexerting mechanism the bridge-plates b of a bridge-member, the ram-plates c of a rammember and the push-or-draw-bar plates (1 of a push-or-draW-bar member are in each case separated one from the other so as to provide spaces, a between them, in which spaces 8 the eye-ends a and parts of the links a are accommodated.

Figures 5, 7, 8, 13 and 14: show another convenient method of carrying this invention into effect in which the linksa are curved and are arranged so that they lie almost entirely between the push-or-draw-bar-plates d.

The said links a also have their pivotal-connections :or their fulcrum-pins, bolts or the ulikea mina different position'and form of placement than that occupied by the fulcrum- :.-pins,bolts or :the like-a of the links. a shown in Figures 1 and 15. In Figures 7 and 8 it .wzillb'e observed that one end of each'olthe linksa which are pivotally connected or have :their :f'ulcrum-pins-a supported inthe push- Ol'sCllflW-bfl-l plates-id, have their fulcrum-"pins 1 a? located near the edges'of the push-or-draw- -bar-plates (Z'which are remote from those .nearest tothe edges ol ithe. other plates and b in which the said links a are pivotallyconnected by means oi other fulcrum-pins or :zthe like a thus allowing a pressure-exerting-mechanism to be constructed inwhich 1 there is aanuch smaller distance between the axes of the fulcrum-pins or the like a in the ram-member plates 0. and the bridge-plates b, than is possible when other forms of place ment of the links a are arranged so as to give ane'qnal length of stroke. The curved links a of the kind shown in Figure 5 and the plates 6, c and (Z to which theyare pivotally connected as shown in-Fi ures 7 and 8 have similar characteristics to that described with reference to the members shown in Figures 1 tor lrand in Figures and 16.

Figure-18 shows a push-oredraw bar-'plate of the kind used in the pressure-exerting mechanism illustratedinFigures 7 ,8 and 14;

1 the long slot 6Z3 shown is provided to allow a fulcrum-pin of a known form of togglemechanism, shown in dotted lines in Figures 7 and 8 and not partoi' this invention, to pass through such long slot (Z and be secured in theframe of the machine, in which the pressure-exerting mechanism the subject of this invention is mounted, without interfering with the reciprocation of the push-or-drawliar '(Z. V

FiguresS) and 10 illustrate a modification in which sets of links a are arranged in one row and :are pivotally-connected to the bridgeplates 6 and the ram-plates c. In this modification the plates 'b of the bridge-member have a reciprocating rectilinear movement and operate as a push-or-draw-bar member also; for. the purpose of permitting the abridge-member to move easily, rollers e are employed and such rollers e revolve on pins, bolts or the like 6 supported in the holes 6 in the bridge-plates b and-are located in the 1 spaces a in such .a manner that they contact with either a plate or with a part of thebridge of the machine in which the mechanism is a mounted.

Rollers c are provided to contact with runner-supports, Z-plates or brackets f secured in a known manner to the bridge of the press or other machine in which the pressureexerting mechanism is mounted and the said rollers e are provided for the purpose of supporting the mechanism and maintaining the rollers e in contact with the bridge. The rollers e and a are pivotally-mounted be tween or at the side of the bridge-plates b which gaps it known forms of actuating mechanism, not shown, can be accommodated and connected to one or more coupling pieces 9 as the case may be.

By referring to Figures 1, 4c, 7 and 8 it will be observed that multi-plate columns of frame-work in which the pressure-exerting mechanism the subject of this invention is mounted, are shown in dotted lines and in Figure 6 are shown in perspective, and between the plates of such columns, parts of the push-or-draw-bar-plates (Z and of the ramplates care located and are guided and are free to slide, but such multi-plate columns do not form a part of this invention.

Where the pressure-exerting mechanism the subject of this invention is mounted in presses or other machine frames of the known kind, the ram-plates 0 are located and guided in their path of travel by brackets such as 7' or by wedge plates such as y' of the known kind which contact with guide-faces on the frame of the press or other machine, but where the pressureexerting mechanism is mounted in a plate-frame of the kind described in my above-mentioned application, Serial No. 286,389, the ram-plates 0 and/or the bridge-plates 5 and/or push-or-drawbar-plates d are in addition to the known methods of guiding the ram-plates, further guided and located between the columnplates of the said plate-frames.

The pressure exerting mechanism the subject of this invention is particularly suitable for, and is applicable in. presses orother machines where ram-members of large size, or of great length, width or breadth are necessary, as any number of links a, bridge-plates b,push-or-draw-bar plates cl and ram-plates 0 can, within practical limits, be arranged in a so-called side-by-side form of placement and consist of any number of sets of links a, within practical limits, arranged in one or more so-called rows in the manner described and illustrated.

Distance-pieces such as p and their bolts p are optionally employed and located in any desired position in the pressure-exerting mechanism for obtaining and maintaining accurate spaces 8 between the bridge-plates Z or the push-or-draw-bar-plates (Z or the ramplates 0 or any or all of these.

The hereinbefore referred to reciprocating push-or-draw-bar plates cl or bridge-member plates 6, as the case may be, are actuated in any known manner and by any known means which will impart areciprocating motion thereto.

In operation, When push-or-draw-barplates (Z or bridge-plates Z) are reciprocated, the links a cause the ram-member to reciprocate in a direction of movement at or approximately at right angles to the direction of movement 01 either the said reciprocating push-or-drawbar-plates (Z, or of the said reciprocating bridge-plates b, whichever is employed to actuate it.

1 claim:

1; A press comprising a plurality of separable plates spaced apart forming a reciprocatory member, a plurality of separable plates spaced apart forming a ram member, the spaces between the separable plates of one of said members being in alignment with the corresponding spaces of the other of said members, a plurality of links each pivotally connected at opposite ends thereof respective ly to the plates of the reciprocatory member and the ram member and serving as distance pieces between the said plates and an antifriction roller support for the said reciprocatory member.

2. A press comprising a ram member guided to move transversely to its length and built up of a number of plates spaced apart, a reciprocatory member guided to move sub stantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the ram and built up of a number of plates spaced apart with the spaces between the plates of the reciprocatory member in alignment with the corresponding spaces of the ram member, a plurality of links having coaxial pivotal connections to the plates of the ram member and the reciprocatory member respectively at opposite ends of each link and an antifriction roller support for the said reciprocatory member.

3. A press comprising a bridge member, a reciprocatory member, andv a ram member each built up of plates spaced apart, and links pivoted to the plates and interspaced therewith to serve as distance pieces arranged in two sets, the links of one set being each interspaced at one end between adjacent plates of the bridge member and at the other end between adjacent plates of the reciprocatory member, and the links of the other set being each interspaced at one end between'adjacent plates of the reciprocatory member and at the other end between adjacent plates of the ram member.

4. A press comprising a bridge member, a

reciprocatory member and a ram member each built up of plates spaced apart, links extending at their opposite ends respectively between adjacent plates of the bridge member and the reciprocatory member to serve as distance pieces, links extending at their opposite ends respectively between adjacent plates of the reciprocatory member and the ram member to serve as distance pieces, and,

pivot pinsby which the links are pivoted to the plates the said pins serving also as means for holding the plates and links assembled together.

5. A press comprising a bridge member and a reciprocatory member each built up of a plurality of plates, a group of links arranged parallel to each other and pivoted to and inter-spaced between the said plates, a ram member built up of a plurality of plates, and a group of links arranged parallel to each other and pivoted to and interspaced between the plates of the ram memher and reciprocatory member, the two groups of links being movable by the reciprocatory member into and out of parallelism with a common plane.

FRANK HUMPHRIS. 

